Contraception or birth control is the term given to various methods or techniques used to prevent pregnancy after sexual intercourse. In many cases, couples may not be ready for a child yet or individuals may want to be in an intimate relationship without the fear of pregnancy hanging over their heads. This makes it essential for them to be aware of the common methods of contraception.

There are multiple myths on the topic, and it is thus essential to talk to a doctor before opting for any method. There are be invasive or non-invasive techniques of contraception. Knowing about these in detail and their success rate will help couples stay safe and avoid unwanted pregnancies.

• Combined pills
  Combined pills are also commonly called birth-control pills, or simply “the pill.” These pills circulate artificial female hormones in the body of the woman and prevent the release of the egg and are is one of the most common methods of contraception. When you take these pills regularly, they can be up to 99% effective and are considered a very safe option.
• Patches
  Another popular mode of non-invasive contraception is the patch. The patch is stuck to certain parts of the body and this continuously releases female hormones into the body. These hormones prevent the release of eggs and hence prevent pregnancy. When used the right way, patches are also up to 99% effective.
• Vaginal ring
  This is another very successful contraceptive method with an effectiveness rate of approximately 99%. The vaginal ring is made of plastic and is placed inside the vagina. It releases hormones that prevent the sperm and egg from fertilizing. Each ring lasts for a month and then has to be replaced.
• Male condoms
  This is a common method of contraception that is used worldwide and is considered to be relatively safe. Male condoms are used as a protective cover over the penis. This holds back the sperm and prevents it from entering the female reproductive system. Male condoms are 98% effective though you can still get pregnant because of a tear or leakage in the condom.
• Female diaphragms
  Another common method of contraception is the cap or diaphragm. These diaphragms are cup-like structures made of silicone. They are inserted into the vagina during the sexual act. Most of these diaphragms contain spermicide, which kills the sperms that touch its surface. Using the diaphragm every time you have sex will reduce the chance of pregnancy up to 96%. Using the product can be a little tricky in the beginning and you will need practice to use it right.
• Birth-control shots
  These shots are injections you take once every three months to prevent unwanted pregnancies. The shot contains progestogen, a female hormone that prevents eggs from rupturing. If you keep a remainder and get the shot every three months without fail, then this method of contraception can be 99% effective.

It is important for all adults and teenagers to know about these common methods of contraception. Unwanted pregnancies can change the lives of the couple involved. It is always safer to use contraception if you are not planning to have a child.